Comparison of the efficacy and safety of the adalimumab biosimilar TQ-Z2301 and adalimumab for the treatment of Chinese patients with active ankylosing spondylitis: a multi-center,randomized, double-blind,phase III clinical trial

Clinical Rheumatology - To assess the clinical equivalence of TQ-Z2301, a biosimilar of adalimumab, to the reference adalimumab in the treatment of Chinese patients with active ankylosing...     

Association of serum levels and receptor genes BsmI,TaqI and FokI polymorphisms of vitamin D with the severity of multiple sclerosis

PurposeMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease. Vitamin D has a major role in preventing inflammatory disorders. Therefore, any alteration in vitamin D receptor (VDR) might be a genetic risk factor for MS development. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of serum levels and VDR FokI, BsmI, and TaqI gene polymorphisms on the severity of MS.MethodsThis case-control study recruited 160 MS patients (71.9% females, mean age of 34.3 ± 8.3 years) and 162 (66.7% females, mean age 35.4 ± 7.9 year) age, sex, and ethnicity matched healthy controls. FokI (rs2228570), BsmI (rs1544410), and TaqI (rs731236) polymorphisms were carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Demographic, clinical parameters, and the levels of vitamin D were compared between groups.ResultsWe found that the frequency of FokI and TaqI polymorphisms significantly differed between the patients and the controls (p = 0.0127 and p = 0.0236, respectively). The MS patients had low levels of vitamin D compared to the controls (p = 0.011). In addition, TaqI T/C polymorphism significantly decreased the levels of vitamin D in the MS patients (p = 0.002). However, there was no significant association between FokI or BsmI SNPs and the levels of vitamin D in MS patients (p > 0.5).ConclusionOur results suggest that FokI and TaqI polymorphisms of VDR are associated with MS risk and TaqI polymorphism is associated with Vitamin D levels in MS patients. Meanwhile, no difference was observed between VDR gene polymorphisms and any types of MS.     

免疫检查点抑制剂致肝损伤的研究进展

免疫检查点抑制剂（immune checkpoint inhibitors,ICPi）靶向作用于细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4（cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4,CTLA-4）和程序性死亡受体/配体1（programmed death-1/ligand,PD-1/PD-L1）,提高了多种类型恶性肿瘤患者的生存率。然而,随着ICPi临床应用日益增多,免疫相关不良反应（immune-related adverse events,irAEs）的报道也越来越多。肝损伤为其常见的irAEs之一,其发生的危险因素涉及ICPi药物种类、肿瘤类型、联用酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（tyrosine kinase inhibitors,TKIs）和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD）等。ICPi致肝损伤最常见的临床表现为无症状的丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）升高和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）升高,具有复杂、多样化的组织学形态特征。治疗时以糖皮质激素治疗为主,必要时可加用免疫抑制剂麦考酚酯。     

内质网应激相关蛋白CHOP/GADD153在结肠癌组织中的表达及意义

目的：探讨结肠癌组织内质网应激相关蛋白CHOP/GADD153的表达,并分析其与临床病理特征的关系。方法： 选择82例结肠癌患者的结肠癌组织与相应的癌旁正常结肠组织（距癌组织>5 cm）制作蜡块后构建组织芯片,分别用免疫组化法及Western blot法检测CHOP/GADD153蛋白的表达,并分析其表达与患者临床病理特征分关系。结果：免疫组化与Western blot结果均显示,结肠癌组织CHOP/GADD153蛋白的表达水平明显癌旁正常结肠组织（P<0.05）;与临床病理特征的关系分析显示,结肠癌组织中CHOP/GADD153蛋白的表达水平随结肠癌组织分化程度的降低而增强（P<0.05）,而与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤的大小、肿瘤的浸润深度和淋巴结转移等因素无关（均P>0.05）。结论：结肠癌组织中CHOP/GADD153蛋白的表达增高,并与结肠癌织的分化程度密切相关,提示内质网应激可能参与了肿瘤分化的调控。

     

家族性嗜铬细胞瘤一家系诊疗及文献复习

目的探讨家族性嗜铬细胞瘤的遗传特征、临床表现及治疗方法。方法结合文献回顾性分析一家系家族性嗜铬细胞瘤患者的临床资料。结果该家系两代人中有4例肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤患者,均在青少年期发病,其中1例为双侧发病。采用肾上腺肿瘤切除术治疗。病理诊断为良性嗜铬细胞瘤,随访6个月至28年无复发。结论家族性嗜铬细胞瘤符合常染色体显性遗传特点,多在青少年期发病。目前尚无预防手段,早期诊断和长期随访是提高治愈率的唯一方法。     

Mason Ⅱ~Ⅳ型桡骨小头骨折手术治疗的疗效观察

目的探讨假体置换与 Herbert 钉内固定治疗 Mason Ⅱ～Ⅳ型桡骨小头骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾分析运用假体置换与 Herbert 钉治疗的21例 Mason Ⅱ～Ⅳ型桡骨小头骨折患者临床资料,采用 Broberg 和 Morrey 肘关节功能评分标准评定疗效。结果所有患者均获随访,随访时间1～3年。假体置换治疗患者：优3例,良2例,一般1例,优良率为83.33％;Herbert 钉治疗患者：优8例,良5例,一般2例,优良率为86.67％。结论假体置换治疗 MasonⅢ、Ⅳ型桡骨小头粉碎性骨折的近期效果满意,采用 Herbert 钉治疗 MasonⅡ型桡骨小头骨折具有较好的临床疗效。     

avR导联假性r波或粗顿和ST段抬高在阵发性室上性心动过速鉴别中的价值

目的 探究avR导联在阵发性室上性心动过速(PSVT)中的鉴别诊断价值.方法 选取行射频消融的患者150例,分为房室折返性心动过速组(AVRT组n=82)和房室结折返性心动过速组(AVNRT组n=68),观察窦性心律及室上速发作时avR导联QRS波终末部形态(假r波或粗顿)和ST段抬高(水平型,上斜型,及下斜型)改变情况.结果 与窦性心律相比,AVRT组avR导联QRS波终末部形态改变共5例(6.0％),AVNRT组avR导联QRS波终末部形态改变有50例(73.5％), 差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其诊断AVNRT的敏感性、特异性和阳性预测值分别是72.0％、82.4％、83.1％;与窦性心律时相比,AVRT组avR导联ST段抬高的发生数为59例,AVNRT组avR导联ST段抬高的有12例,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其诊断AVRT的敏感性、特异性和阳性预测值分别是73.5％、94.0％、91.0％ .结论 与窦性心律相比,avR导联假性r波或粗顿以及ST段抬高对判断PSVT的类型具有重要意义,有助于PSVT的鉴别诊断价值.     

Trends in Prevalence of Serious Psychological Distress and Depression Among Adults with Stroke in the United States

ObjectivesTo examine national trends in prevalence of serious psychological distress and depression among adults with stroke in the United States (US) from 2004 to 2017, and variations across sociodemographic subgroups.MethodsData were obtained from the household components of the 2004-2017 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, a nationally representative survey in the US. History of stroke or transient ischemic attack was based on self-report. Psychological distress was measured by the Kessler-6 scale, and depressive symptoms were measured by the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to examine the trends in prevalence of serious psychological distress and depression overall and by age, sex, and race/ethnicity.ResultsAmong 10889 participants with stroke or transient ischemic attack, 60.0% were aged ≥ 65, 54.4% were female, and 72.2% were non-Hispanic white. The prevalence of serious psychological distress decreased from 14.9% in 2004-2005 to 11.3% in 2016-2017, corresponding to 7% lower odds every 2 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.89-0.97); and the prevalence of depression decreased from 23.1% in 2004-2005 to 18.3% in 2016-2017, corresponding to 5% lower odds every 2 years (aOR=0.95, 95% CI=0.92-0.98), after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, functional limitations, and antidepressant use. The trends varied significantly by age, but not sex and race/ethnicity. The overall decline was mainly driven by older adults above age 64.ConclusionsPrevalence of serious psychological distress and depression among US adults with stroke decreased from 2004 to 2017, but the burden of mental health problems remained high.